{"id":575,"date":"2023-02-23T06:56:32","date_gmt":"2023-02-23T06:56:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/?page_id=575"},"modified":"2023-02-23T08:57:32","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T08:57:32","slug":"bouleuterion-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/antik-yapilar\/bouleuterion-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Bouleuterion"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Bouleuterion\u2019a ili\u015fkin ilk veriler, Pergamon kaz\u0131 ekibi \u00fcyelerinin 1886 y\u0131l\u0131nda kentte yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda elde edilmi\u015ftir. Bouleuterion yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda belirlenen bir ar\u015fitrav blo\u011fu \u00fczerindeki yaz\u0131t Apollonidas o\u011flu Antiphanes\u2019in Zeus Bollaios, Hestia Bollaia ve Demos\u2019a (yurtta\u015flar toplulu\u011fu) bir bina adad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermekteydi. Ku\u015fkusuz bu yaz\u0131t y\u0131k\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce Bouleuterion\u2019un \u00f6n cephe duvar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yer almaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bouleuterion, Agora Meydan\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flanan ana yol \u00fczerinde (Agora Caddesi) e\u011fimli bir arazide, do\u011fu-bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde uzanmaktad\u0131r. 24×14 m. \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerindeki yap\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bouleuterion\u2019un bat\u0131daki giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u0130on d\u00fczeninde alt\u0131 adet s\u00fctunla tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir galeriden olu\u015fan kulis yer almaktad\u0131r. Cavea b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc on iki basamakl\u0131 ve yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fcz doksan ki\u015fi kapasitelidir. Orkestra ise yar\u0131m daire formundad\u0131r. Yap\u0131, genel form ve plan \u00f6zellikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, Theatron formlu bir di\u011fer yap\u0131 olan odeona \u00e7ok benzemektedir. Ancak, ar\u015fitrav blo\u011fu \u00fczerindeki yaz\u0131t, yap\u0131 i\u00e7inde tespit edilen Hestia Bollaia k\u00fclt heykeli ve sahne binas\u0131na ait hi\u00e7bir izin olmamas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131n\u0131n odeon olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Cavean\u0131n her iki yan\u0131ndan ve tam orta b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 merdiven ile orkestraya ula\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Orkestran\u0131n hemen do\u011fusunda, y\u00fcr\u00fcme d\u00fczleminin alt\u0131nda d\u00f6rt mek\u00e2n yer almaktad\u0131r. Binan\u0131n Agora Caddesi\u2019ne bakan cephesinden, \u00e7ift kanatl\u0131 birer kap\u0131 ile girilen mek\u00e2nlar \u00f6n ve arka odadan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015flevleri \u015fu an i\u00e7in net olarak tespit edilemeyen \u00f6n ve arka odalar aras\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7i\u015f tek kanatl\u0131 bir kap\u0131 ile sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Orkestraya biti\u015fik olan arka s\u0131radaki odalardan i\u00e7 tarafta kalan iki oday\u0131 ay\u0131ran duvar\u0131n merkezinde, \u00fczerine Hestia Bollaia heykelinin oturdu\u011fu, dikd\u00f6rtgen b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlu blok ta\u015flardan \u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc kare bir platform a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hestia Bollaia heykeli s\u00f6z konusu platformun hemen \u00f6n\u00fcne (do\u011fu) devrilmi\u015f \u015fekilde ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Hestia k\u00fclt\u00fc ayn\u0131 zamanda Prytaneion ile ili\u015fkili olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n Bouleuterion\u2019da Hestia k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn yer almas\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131n\u0131n hem Bouleuterion hem Prytaneion olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir. Ana kayaya oyulmu\u015f bir bothros \u00fczerine oturan platform, orkestran\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcme d\u00fczlemine kadar y\u00fckselmektedir. Bothros i\u00e7erisinden lagynos, tek kulplu testi, k\u00e2se vb. kaplar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra on alt\u0131 adet bronz sikke, pi\u015fmi\u015f toprak fig\u00fcrin, kandil, a\u011f\u0131r\u015fak ve malt\u0131z par\u00e7alar\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur. Ele ge\u00e7en buluntular yap\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 kutsamak ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir t\u00f6rene i\u015faret etmektedir. Bothrosta ele ge\u00e7en buluntular\u0131n tamam\u0131 M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na aittir ve yap\u0131ya ili\u015fkin Terminus Ante Quem vermektedir. Bouleuterion\u2019un son evresine ili\u015fkin buluntular odalar\u0131n tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde ve yap\u0131n\u0131n kuzeybat\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesine eklenen mek\u00e2nlar toplulu\u011fu ile yap\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan bir peristhasis\u2019te ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. MS 3. y\u00fczy\u0131la tarihli seramiklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Valerianus-Gallienus (MS 253-268) ve Alexander Severus-Philippus Arabs d\u00f6nemlerine (MS 222-249) ait bronz sikkeler, Bouleuterion\u2019un son evresi ile ili\u015fkilidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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D\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n i\u00e7ine y\u0131k\u0131lan Meclis enkaz\u0131nda alt\u0131 adet mermer heykel ba\u015f\u0131 ve bu ba\u015flara ait g\u00f6vdeler ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Heykeller orijinalinde, Bouleuterion\u2019un kuzey duvar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve cephe duvar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 kesimlerinde olu\u015fturulmu\u015f payeler \u00fczerinde durmaktayd\u0131lar. Heykellerden iki tanesinin kaidesi \u00fczerinde yer alan antik yunanca yaz\u0131, her iki heykelin de Pergamonlu heykelt\u0131ra\u015f, Hippias o\u011flu Menestratos taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bouleuterion\u2019un oturma s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131n tahrip olan g\u00fcney k\u0131sm\u0131nda, orkestrada ve kuliste yap\u0131lan sondajlarda Bouleuterion\u2019un alt\u0131nda, daha erken d\u00f6neme ait bir yap\u0131n\u0131n izleri tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bouleuterion\u2019un in\u015faat a\u015famas\u0131nda erken yap\u0131 ciddi oranda tahrip olmu\u015ftur ve erken yap\u0131ya ili\u015fkin in-situ buluntu olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131dad\u0131r. Kulisin do\u011fu duvar\u0131n\u0131n hemen bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki dar bir alanda, erken yap\u0131ya ait s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir toprak taban izine rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taban\u0131n hemen alt\u0131ndan in-situ durumda, M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonu-2. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131na tarihli, kal\u0131p yap\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrahi ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu tarih erken yap\u0131n\u0131n son evre kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in terminus olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bouleuterion\u2019un orkestras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sondajda, erken yap\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan ikinci bir bothros ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mutfak ve i\u00e7ki kaplar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131, yo\u011fun seramik ve kemik i\u00e7eren bothros, olas\u0131l\u0131kla erken d\u00f6nem yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 \u00f6ncesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen rit\u00fcele ili\u015fkin olarak a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tarihlenebilir buluntular M\u00d6 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bouleuterion\u2019un alt\u0131nda, olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 alanlarda izlerini tespit edilebilen erken d\u00f6nem yap\u0131s\u0131, M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan hemen sonra in\u015fa edilen ve mimarisi ile k\u0131smen ayakta olan Meclis Binas\u0131\u2019ndan farkl\u0131 bir plana sahiptir. S\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131n\u0131n, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutlu erken bir Bouleuterion\u2019a ait olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bothros i\u00e7erisinde ele ge\u00e7en M\u00d6 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131na ait buluntular, Aigai Bouleuterion\u2019unun ilk olarak bu tarihte in\u015fa edildi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda, kentteki b\u00fcy\u00fck imar faaliyetleri ile birlikte Bouleuterion\u2019da da k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fikliklere gidilmi\u015f, eski binan\u0131n yerine daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir meclis binas\u0131 in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bouleuterion\u2019un in\u015fas\u0131na destek veren Antiphanes ve Diaphenes isimli hay\u0131rseverler (euergetes) ve di\u011fer aile fertleri, heykelleri yap\u0131n\u0131n kuzey duvar\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde yer alan uzun bir ni\u015f \u00fczerinde sergilenerek onurland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meclis binas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki odalardan s\u00f6z konusu heykeller ile birlikte onurland\u0131rma yaz\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaideler de ele ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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MS 3. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar, yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f y\u00fczy\u0131l, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilen Bouleuterion, zaman\u0131n ve depremlerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahribatlar sonucunda \u00e7ok say\u0131da onar\u0131m g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yap\u0131 duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fczlerindeki \u00f6rg\u00fclerde ve \u00f6zellikle de g\u00fcney duvar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131nda farkl\u0131 teknikler bir arada kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. MS 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finde kent terk edilmi\u015f ve Bouleuterion kullan\u0131mdan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. MS 12.-13. y\u00fczy\u0131llara gelindi\u011finde, kentte yeni bir imar faaliyeti s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve bunun sonucunda Bouleuterion\u2019a ait mimari elemanlar yeni yap\u0131lar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bouleuterion\u2019a ili\u015fkin ilk veriler, Pergamon kaz\u0131 ekibi \u00fcyelerinin 1886 y\u0131l\u0131nda kentte yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda elde edilmi\u015ftir. Bouleuterion yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda belirlenen bir ar\u015fitrav blo\u011fu \u00fczerindeki yaz\u0131t Apollonidas o\u011flu Antiphanes\u2019in Zeus Bollaios, Hestia Bollaia ve Demos\u2019a (yurtta\u015flar toplulu\u011fu) bir bina adad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermekteydi. Ku\u015fkusuz bu yaz\u0131t y\u0131k\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce Bouleuterion\u2019un \u00f6n cephe duvar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yer almaktayd\u0131. Bouleuterion, Agora Meydan\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flanan ana […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":108,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-575","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=575"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":581,"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/575\/revisions\/581"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aigai.info\/wp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}